MCQs Plant Breeding and Genetics-35
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Use of Multiple-choice questions (MCQs) is among the proven strategies to test your knowledge and improve your skills for relevant exams. These Expert-Approved MCQs cover various aspects of Agriculture, Agronomy, Soil Science, Horticulture, Entomology, Environmental Science, Plant Breeding and Genetics, Forestry, General Biology, Botany, Zoology, MCQs Plant Breeding and Genetics-35
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MCQs Plant Breeding and Genetics-35
Plant Breeding and Genetics encompasses several branches that work together to improve crop yields, disease resistance, and overall plant performance. Here are some key branches:
Genetic Variation: It refers to the differences in DNA sequences among individuals within a species or population. These variations can result in different traits, such as height, flower color, or disease resistance.
Inheritance: It is the passing of traits or genetic information from parents to offspring through the transmission of DNA. It determines how characteristics are expressed in subsequent generations.
Genetic Manipulation: Genetic manipulation, also known as genetic engineering, involves the direct alteration of an organism’s DNA to introduce desired traits or characteristics using techniques like CRISPR to modify plant genes.
Genetic Mapping: Genetic mapping, or linkage mapping, identifies the location of specific genes or genetic markers on a chromosome. This helps researchers understand the relationships between genes and traits.
Genomic Sequencing: Genomic sequencing determines the complete DNA sequence of an organism’s genome. This provides valuable information on gene function, regulation, and evolution.
MCQs Plant Breeding and Genetics-35
Plant Breeding Branches:
Hybridization: Hybridization is the process of crossing two different individuals or species to produce offspring with desirable traits from both parents. This technique is often used in agriculture to improve crop yields and disease resistance.
Mutation Breeding: Mutation breeding involves inducing genetic mutations using chemicals or radiation to create new traits or characteristics in plants. This technique can introduce beneficial traits like disease resistance or drought tolerance.
Ploidy Breeding: Ploidy breeding involves manipulating the number of chromosome sets in an organism to produce polyploids (organisms with more than two sets of chromosomes). This can lead to increased vigor, size, or fertility in plants.
Marker-Assisted Selection: Marker-Assisted Selection (MAS) is a technique that uses molecular markers (specific DNA sequences) linked to desired traits to select plants with those traits. This accelerates breeding programs by enabling early selection.
Genomic Selection: Genomic selection is a breeding approach that uses genome-wide molecular markers to predict the performance of plants based on their genetic makeup. This allows breeders to select for complex traits like yield or drought tolerance.
Cytogenetics: Cytogenetics is the study of the structure, function, and behavior of chromosomes. In plant breeding, cytogenetics helps researchers understand chromosomal rearrangements, ploidy levels, and other genetic variations that can impact plant performance.
MCQs Plant Breeding and Genetics-35
Biotechnology: Biotechnology is the use of biological systems, living organisms, or derivatives thereof, to develop new products, technologies, and processes.