Food Biotechnology MCQs (Food Science Quiz Series)
Multiple Choice Questions for Professional Test Preparation
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Food Biotechnology MCQs, Food Biotechnology Exam Preparation, Important food biotechnology questions, Advanced food biotechnology questions, Food biotechnology objective questions
What is food biotechnology?
Food biotechnology deals with the use of living organisms, cells, or biological processes to improve food production, quality, safety and processing. Traditional methods (e.g., fermentation) and modern techniques (e.g. recombinant DNA and genetic engineering) are included in the food biotechnology.
What are the applications of food biotechnology in the food industry?
In the food industry, food biotechnology is applied to improve food processing, product quality, safety, nutrition, and sustainability. Enzyme production for food processes, fermentation technology, precision fermentation, improved ingredients, food safety testing through biosensors, Improving texture and functionality, and detection of foodborne hazards are among the common applications of food biotechnology.
What are genetically modified (GM) foods?
Foods that originated from organisms with modified DNA (using genetic engineering, but not by natural breeding alone) are called genetically modified foods. Plants (corn, soy, canola, sugar beets, and papaya), animals, or microbes with genetic modification to introduce new traits or trait modifications (e.g., pest resistance, herbicide tolerance, improved nutrition, or longer shelf life) are examples of genetically modified foods. Moreover, some GM ingredients such as oils, syrups, and enzymes, are also used indirectly in processed foods.
Are genetically modified foods safe for human consumption?
There is a broad scientific consensus that genetically modified foods pose no more risk to health than their non-GMO counterparts. Major public health and food agencies, including World Health Organization (WHO), Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) and others, after rigorous assessments suggested that approved GM foods currently on the market are considered safe for human consumption. Labeling rules vary in different countries, but many places require GM foods or ingredients made from GM sources to be identified on labels.
These leading regulatory agencies have strong mechanism and requires new GM varieties to go through a comprehensive review process, evaluating potential toxicity, nutritional content, and allergenic properties of GMO based food products, before they are launched in the market and enter the food supply.
Some scientists and scientific reviews have raised questions about specific GM foods or methods. Major concerns about genetically modified foods are generally about potential health effects, environmental impacts, labeling and consumer choice, and ethical or socioeconomic issues.
What is the difference between probiotics and prebiotics?
Probiotics [derived from Greek words “pro” and “bios” meaning “for life.” ] are live beneficial microorganisms, usually bacteria or yeast—that can support gut health, while prebiotics are non-digestible fibers or food components that feed those helpful microbes. Probiotics are the good microbes themselves, whereas, prebiotics are the food for those microbes.
What are functional foods and nutraceuticals?
How does fermentation work in food biotechnology?
What microorganisms are used in yogurt and cheese production?
How does CRISPR technology work in food biotechnology?
What is DNA barcoding and how is it used in food authentication?
What is the role of enzymes such as cellulase, pectinase, and protease in food processing?
What is cold plasma technology in food preservation?
How does biotechnology improve food shelf life and safety?
What is the Flavr Savr tomato and why is it important in biotechnology history?
Can food biotechnology help solve global food security and malnutrition problems?
What is precision fermentation?
What is cellular agriculture?
Can biotechnology solve global food insecurity?
What is synthetic biology in food production?
Suggested Readings
Abdul Aziz, M., F. Brini, H. Rouached, K. Masmoudi. 2022. Genetically engineered crops for sustainably enhanced food production systems. Frontiers in Plant Science. 13: 1027828.
Brewer, A.M., D.R. George, E.K. Frow. 2026. Emerging governance considerations for the deployment of genetically engineered microbes. Current Opinion in Microbiology 89: 102685.
Sahi, A., B. Sharma, R. Kumar, E. Arora, A. Singh, 2026. Genetically Modified Organisms and Their Impact on Biodiversity, in: Sobti, R.C. (Ed.), Biotechnology Innovations for a Sustainable Future: Integrating Clean Energy, Life on the Planet, Clean Water, and Climate Action. Springer Nature Singapore, Singapore, pp. 1059-1076.
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Food Biotechnology MCQs, Food Biotechnology Exam Preparation, Important food biotechnology questions, Advanced food biotechnology questions, Food biotechnology objective questions